Early Childhood Education (Birth–Grade 3). Development, curriculum and family partnership for early childhood educators. The test is
computer delivered and runs for 2 hours 30 minutes: 100
selected-response — choose one answer.
Consistent with the NAEYC Professional Standards and Developmentally Appropriate Practice, and the Common Core State Standards.
IProfessional Knowledge20 questions · 20%
Knows the principles of child development and how they shape decisions in the early years
Knows the characteristics of the developmental periods from birth through the early years
Knows the factors that influence developmental outcomes from the birth through the early years
Knows how young children develop oral language from birth through the early years
Knows how young children develop early literacy skills from the preschool years through the early grades
Knows how young children develop early mathematical understanding
IIChild Development and Learning30 questions · 30%
Knows the characteristics of physical, motor, and health development from the prenatal period through the early years
Knows the characteristics of cognitive development in the early years and how thinking changes
Knows how language development is related to other development in the early years
Knows how young children develop relationships and attachments in the early years
Knows the characteristics of emotional development and the foundations of self-regulation in the early years
Knows how young children's behavior develops and how to respond to it developmentally
Knows the principles of developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood
Knows how to create and use a learning environment that is developmentally appropriate for young children
Knows how to select and use materials, activities, and grouping that match children's current development
IIICurriculum and Instruction30 questions · 30%
Understands early childhood curriculum models and approaches
Plans developmentally appropriate curriculum, routines and environments
Adapts curriculum for individual learners and diverse groups
Uses play as a context for learning and understands the debate about it
Designs the physical environment, materials and routines that support learning
Uses developmentally appropriate methods to observe and assess children
Uses assessment results to plan instruction and support children
Documents children's learning and development ethically and purposefully
IVFamily and Community20 questions · 20%
Builds respectful, reciprocal relationships with families
Works with families to support children's learning and development
Connects families to resources and supports family well-being ethically
Connects early childhood education to the wider community
Recognises and responds to cultural and linguistic diversity
Advocates for children and families and knows the boundaries of advocacy
About the outline above. These titles are
written against ETS's publicly documented content outline for the
5191; they are a faithful reconstruction, not ETS text. No ETS
sample questions are reproduced for this exam, and every item in the app is
labelled Authored. Verify the current test specification on ETS's own
page before you register.
What test day is actually like
If you have not sat a Early Childhood Education test before, the part that
unnerves people is usually not the content. It is not knowing what you are
walking into. Here is the actual shape of it.
100Questions
2 hours 30 minutesTime limit
Computer DeliveredDelivery
Not permittedCalculator
Selected-response — choose one answerFormat
That works out to about 1 minute 30 seconds per question.It is the pacing, not the difficulty, that catches people out. Most
candidates lose marks by grinding one hard item and running out of time
on easy ones later. Answer the ones you know first, mark the rest, and
come back with whatever is left.
The content is split into 4 sections, weighted
like this:
Professional Knowledge20 questions, 20% of the test
Child Development and Learning30 questions, 30% of the test
Curriculum and Instruction30 questions, 30% of the test
Family and Community20 questions, 20% of the test
What Praxis Studio gives you for 5191
55 practice questions covering every competency on the outline, with explanations for right and wrong answers.
A worked curriculum for all 30 competencies: key terms, worked examples, and the traps the exam is known for.
A self-test that reports accuracy per competency, not one opaque number.
Progress you can actually see, broken down by content category so you know what to study next.
Offline and mobile. Install to your home screen; it works without a connection.
Open source under MIT, so the content and the scoring logic can be checked by anyone.
How to actually study for this
The research on how people learn is consistent on one point: the method
that works best is the one that feels least like studying. It is also the one
anxious test-takers skip, which is why the practice here is built to be easy
to start and impossible to fail.
Do not just reread.Reading over material feels like studying and is the weakest use of your time. Recognition is not recall, and the exam asks you to recall.
Answer questions from memory, then check.Retrieval practice, meaning self-testing, is one of the best-evidenced study methods there is. It beats rereading, restudying, and rereading your notes.
Read the explanation either way.Right or wrong, the explanation is where the learning happens. Wrong answers especially: those are the ones you got lucky on.
Come back tomorrow.Spacing beats cramming. The same hour split across five days is worth more than five hours on one night.
Sit one timed run before test day.Full length, timed, no pausing. Pacing is a skill and it is learned by doing, not by thinking about doing.
One reassurance worth having. Practice questions in this app are not the
real exam, and your score on them is not your Praxis score. Use them to find
the competencies you do not know yet. That is the whole job.
Praxis 5191 Early Childhood Education: questions and answers
How many questions are on the Praxis Early Childhood Education (5191) exam?
The official test is 100 questions in 2 hours 30 minutes. Selected-response — choose one answer. It is computer delivered, and a calculator is not permitted. Praxis Studio is built against that exact structure.
How many free practice questions does Praxis Studio have for 5191?
55 questions for this exam: 0 transcribed from ETS and 55 written against the official content outline, every one labelled in the app so you always know which is which. All 30 competencies on the outline have at least one question.
What content does the Praxis 5191 exam cover?
It is divided into 4 content categories: Professional Knowledge (20%), Child Development and Learning (30%), Curriculum and Instruction (30%), Family and Community (20%). The full competency outline is listed on this page and is broken down, taught and quizzed inside the app.
Is Praxis Studio really free? Is there a paywall?
Yes, and permanently. There is no account, no trial, no card and no premium tier. Progress is stored in your own browser. Signing in is optional and only adds cross-device sync.
Is this official ETS material?
No. Praxis Studio is an independent, open-source project and is not affiliated with or endorsed by ETS. This exam’s outline is a reconstruction from ETS’s public content description, so no ETS text or sample questions are reproduced. Buy the official Study Companion and the free practice test you receive with test registration straight from ETS if you want the authoritative version.
Can I use it offline or on my phone?
Yes. It installs to the home screen on iOS and Android and runs offline via a service worker. Progress lives in local storage, so there is nothing to sign into and nothing to lose if you clear the app.
Can I see how I am doing by competency?
Yes. The Progress tab breaks your accuracy down by competency and content category, so it is clear which part of the outline to study next rather than just your overall percentage.
Does it use AI, and do I need an API key?
Ms. Kaya is an optional in-app tutor that is scoped to whichever competency you are reading, so it answers against the real outline instead of generic study advice. It is entirely optional: every question, explanation and self-test works without it. Bring your own key if you want to use it.